Direct imaging of macrophage activation during PDT treatment
2012
Mounting evidence describes a more complex progress of macrophage activation during
photodynamic therapy (PDT), which performing distinct immunological functions and
different physiologies on surrounding cells and tissues. Macrophage-targeted PDT has been
applied in the selective killing of cells involved in inflammation and tumor. We have
previously shown that PDT-mediated tumor cells apoptosis can induce a higher level immune
response than necrosis, and enhance the macrophage activation. However, the molecular
mechanism of macrophage activation during PDT-induced apoptotic cells (AC) still unclear.
Here, we use confocal microscopy to image the phagocytosis of tumor cells by macrophages.
We also observed that PDT-treated AC can activate Toll-like receptors (TLRs) which are
present on macrophages surface. Besides, the increase in nitric oxide (NO) formation in
macrophages was detected in real time by a laser scanning microscopy. This study provided
more details for understanding the molecular mechanism of the immune response induced by
PDT-treated AC.
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