Use of transthoracic cryoanalgesia during the Nuss procedure

From the Division of Pediatric Surgery, UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospitals, Oakland, Calif; the Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco–East Bay, Oakland, Calif; and the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Regional Medical Center, San Jose, Calif. Disclosures: Authors have nothing to disclose with regard to commercial support. Received for publication Aug 15, 2015; revisions received Sept 17, 2015; accepted for publication Sept 27, 2015. Address for reprints: Sang H. Lee, MD, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Regional Medical Center, 455 O’Connor Dr, Suite 280, San Jose, CA 95128 (E-mail: sangleemd@hotmail.com). J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016;151:887-8 0022-5223/$36.00 Copyright 2016 by The American Association for Thoracic Surgery http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.09.110