Project Managers' Perspectives on the Complexity of Construction Megaproject in Indonesia: A Multi-case Study

Complexity has become an inseparable characteristic of construction megaprojects. Moreover, it has been identified as the cause of failure of megaprojects by practitioners. Researchers continue to explore complexity in megaprojects and are attempting to address it. This study aimed to define complexity, examine its aspects, and look at the management approach in Indonesia's construction megaprojects from the project manager's perspective. The research is conducted based on available literature and case studies in three Indonesian infrastructure megaprojects: the Trans-Island Highway (TIH), Indonesian Light Rail Transit (ILRT), and Indonesian International Airport (IIA). This study notes that as practitioners, project managers are still focused on megaproject complexity from a negative perspective, perceiving it as an obstacle despite the fact that complexities can present positive opportunities. Complexity can be categorized into three aspects, namely, structural, social, and emergent. In this context, this report examines complexity management by studying various unique cases of Indonesian megaprojects. This study provides insight and knowledge to researchers with regard to aspects of management and megaproject complexity, especially in developing countries. For practitioners, this study provides management approaches that can be considered in the management of megaprojects.