Оценка эффективности производства экструдированных кормов на основе смеси зерна и растительных компонентов

Development and implementation of innovative technologies of fodder production in farms, allowing not only to reduce unit costs for feed rations, but also to increase the conversion of feed, is an important issue. In this regard the aim of the research is the comparative evaluation of the efficiency of production of extruded feed based on a mixture of grain and vegetable components. In the studies wheat varieties No-vosibirsk-15, barley variety Acha, oats varieties Selma, pressed hay rolls, green mass of alfalfa, beet pulp were used. Analysis of the energy value of cereals showed an increase of the exchange energy extrusion at 8–11 %. Hay was mixed with wheat in the ratio 50:50. The exchange energy is obtained from a mixture of extrudate wheat and hay is 13,23 MJ/kg, which is 21 % above the starting mixture and exceeds the en-ergy value of wheat by 3 %. The exchange energy is obtained from a mixture of extrudate of wheat grain and green mass of alfalfa – 14,3 MJ/kg, an increase of 8,5 %, compared to the extrudate of the mixture of wheat hay. The pulp was mixed with milled wheat grain in various proportions, to determine the quality and magnitude of energy income, depending on the moisture content of the raw mixture and the amount of in-sertion of the pulp. After extrusion, the maximum value of metabolizable energy in the feed of a mixture of wheat pulp and alfalfa are noted when included in a mixture of 13 % pulp and is 14,228 MJ/kg dry matter, the minimum 14,137 MJ/kg in order to make a 28 % pulp. Compared with the original blends of wheat and bagasse in the proportions, the exchange energy increased by 10,8 and 14,5 % respectively. Energy in-come from application of the technology of extrusion of wheat was 0,486 MJ/kg, with the inclusion of 10 % of green mass of alfalfa amounted 0,321 MJ/kg the product of wheat with the addition of various quantities of pulp, alfalfa noted showed an increase in energy income in a number increase the amount of pulp in the mixture. The most effective method is the use of 16% sugar beet pulp alfalfa in the mixture as a plant sup-plement.