Biosafety of Flufenzin and Fenpyroximate to Certain Beneficial Arthropods

Laboratory bioassays using contact filter test with flufenzin (g 60, 80, & 100g a. i,/ha, fenpyroximate @ 15, 20, & 25g a, i,/ha and dicofol @250g a. i./ha conducted for safety of phytoseiid-mite ( Amblyseius tetranychivorus Gupta), lacewing ( Chrysoperla carnea Stephens), forager-bee ( Apis cerana indica Fabricius) and earthworm ( Eisenia foetida Savigny) revealed that dicofol was most harmful among them, Flufenzin was slightly harmful to them while fenpyroximate was safe. Under field conditions, the abundance of phytoseiid-mites indicated similar results; however, fenpyroximate was observed to be moderately toxrc. Field microbial biomass-carbon was found on par with each other, indicating their safety to soil microbes.