A Riesz energy based approach to generating dispersed dot patterns for halftoning applications

In many halftoning applications there is a need to generate a dispersed pattern of dots that is pleasing to the eye. We propose a method based on Riesz energy minimization that produces superior patterns than other techniques such as Direct Binary Search and k-means. We illustrate the proposed technique and discuss implementation issues including nonlinear programming techniques and memory-constrained implementations.