Cytogenetic and marker assisted identification of a wheat–Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng f. ex P.C.Kuo alien substitution line conferring processing quality and resistance to stripe rust

Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng f. ex P.C.Kuo (2n = 2x = 14, NsNs) harbor numerous useful genes and exhibit application prospects as a breeding resource via distant hybridization. Here, a Wheat-P. huashanica alien substitution line, derived from common wheat 7182 and P. huashanica, was characterized by Multiple experimental evidences. The cytological results showed the chromosome number of the line was 42. Genomic in situ hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization (GISH-FISH) analysis indicated the line had a pair of chromosomes Ns from P. huashanica, and 40 chromosomes from common wheat. Verification using expressed sequence tag–sequence tagged site (EST-STS) (BE497584, BE443796, BG313767), polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based landmark unique gene (PLUG) (TNAC1026-HaeIII, TNAC1043-TaqI, TNAC1091-HaeIII) and high molecular weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) markers confirmed that a pair of wheat chromosomes 1D in the line were substituted by a pair of P. huashanica chromosomes 1Ns. Therefore, we can conclude that the alien chromosome line was a wheat- P. huashanica 1Ns(1D) disomic substitution line and named as wheat-Ph1D. In comparison to the common wheat parent 7182, agronomic trait evaluations showed that wheat-Ph1D exhibited significant improvements, including plant height, grain length, thousand-grain weight, the contents of crude protein and gluten protein, starch content, dough stability time and resistant to stripe rust at the adult stage. Consequently, wheat-Ph1D could be a potential bridge material in wheat breeding with specific agronomic traits.