Çocuklarda Akut Böbrek Hasarı

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome which is characterized by sudden and fast reversible loss of renal functions (with decreased glomerular filtration rate) increase in the blood urea and concentration of creatinin and disturbances of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis.For diagnosis and classification of AKI The Pediatric Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, End-Stage Renal Disease Criteria (P-RIFLE) is used based on changes in serum creatinine and urine output. The incidence of AKI in children appears to be increasing, and the etiology of AKI over the past decade has shifted from primary renal disease to multifactorial causes, particularly in hospitalized children. Renal injury can be divided into prerenal failure, intrinsic renal disease and obstructive uropathies. Prerenal renal injury is the most common type of renal injury in childhood. The history, physical examination, and laboratory tests, including urinalysis and radiographic tests, can establish the likely cause(s) of AKI. The treatment is performed in two stage; adjustment of life-threatening disorders and determination cause of complications and regulation of treatment. The prognosis of AKI is dependent on the underlying etiology of the AKI.