Assessment of the Anophelinae blood seeking bionomic and pyrethroids resistance of local malaria vectors in the forest region of Southern Cameroon

To assess the anophelinae blood seeking bionomic and susceptibility status to pyrethroids of local malaria vectors in the forest region of southern-Cameroon, entomological surveillance, detection of Plasmodium infection and susceptibility to permethrin and deltamethrine was done using specific protocol. Of a total of 2,091 mosquitoes collected, 543 (25.97%) belong to anophelinae species. Malaria vectors collected included An. gambiaes. L., An. moucheti, An. marshallii, An. ziemanni, An. paludis, An. coustani and An. nili. Anopheline trapped using WET varied from 1.31 anophelines/trap in Nyabessan to 2.87 anophelines/trap in Olama. The densities of mosquitoes collected using CDC-LT were 3.08 (indoor) and 4.18 (outdoor) mosquitoes/trap/night in Olama whereas they were 13.44 (indoor) and 7.84 (outdoor) mosquitoes/trap/night in Nyabessan. Of the 392 anophelines screened using ELISA, 2 (0.51%) were recorded infected by Plasmodium falciparum. Several species including An. gambiaesl, An. moucheti and An. nili were found resistant or highly tolerant to permethrin and/or deltamethrin. CDC-LT and WET are not sensitive tools for monitoring mosquito populations in the forest region. The study also suggested increase tolerance of several local anopheline species to pyrethroids. These information need further consideration while designing vector control interventions in theses settings.