Morphological Characteristics of Prostaglandin Cytoprotection

The term “cytoprotection” originally described the ability of prostaglandins, independent of their known antisecretory activity, to prevent macroscopic evidence of gastric injury induced in different animal models under various experimental conditions. Several recent reports have challenged this concept because the apparent macroscopic protection could not be confirmed microscopically. To determine whether prostaglandins do indeed possess cytoprotective properties, and if such effects are dependent on the dose and the route of prostaglandin administration, studies were performed using 16,16 dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the known gastric damaging agent, ethanol. Fasted rats received either oral or subcutaneous PGE2 in doses of 10 or 20 μg/kg or equal volumes of saline. Thirty minutes later, animals were given a 1-ml oral bolus of 50% or 100% ethanol or an equal volume of saline. At 5 minutes to 24 hours following ethanol, animals were sacrificed, and tissues from the glandular portion of the stomac...