On the Applicability of the Scientific Apparatus of the Phenomenology in the Religious Studies

The article comprehends the understanding of the key processes of phenomenological research in philosophical phenomenology (intentionality and epohe) in comparison with the phenomenology of religion, the answer to this question leads to the understanding of the essence of the latter. For this purpose, first of all, the problem of intentionality as the basis of philosophical phenomenology of E. Husserl is considered. Husserl distinguishes three stages of reduction: phenomenological-psychological, eidetic, transcendental. The third stage of reduction and prepares a full-fledged scientific philosophy. The article goes on to discuss the applicability of Husserl's category to the study of religion. Then the author turns to M. Scheler, in his system philosophical, scientific and religious knowledge are three acts of the spirit, not detracting from one another. Scheler is not satisfied with Husserl's understanding of reduction, reduction for him is the process of restructuring the whole person, a kind of quasi-religious asceticism. Further, the possibility of using Scheler's phenomenology in religious studies is considered. In conclusion, the author shows that the phenomenology of religion was not a consequence of the phenomenological philosophy of Husserl, but rather consisted with it in a dialogical relationship.