ANTIHYPERGLYCAEMIC AND ANTIDYSLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITIES IN ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF FRUITS OF MARINE MANGROVE XYLOCARPUS MOLUCCENSIS

Objective: To investigate the antihyperglycaemic and antidyslipidemic activities in ethyl acetate fraction of fruits of marine mangrove Xylocarpus moluccensis (EAXm) by measuring the status of biochemical parameters of diabetic animal models and in vitro glucose uptake effect. Method: The ethyl acetate fraction of the epicarp from the fruits of Xylocarpus moluccensis (EAXm) (Family: Meliaceae) was tested for their glucose tolerance, declining blood glucose, lipid, renal and hepatic function markers, enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism of low dosed streptozotocininduced diabetic rats, high fructose/high sucrose high fat fed streptozotocin induced rats and db/db mice, respectively for 10 consecutive days and in vitro glucose uptake effect by L-6 skeletal muscle cells. Results: The EAXm was found effective in improving glucose tolerance, declining blood glucose, serum fructosamine levels of low dosed streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, high fructose/high sucrose high fat fed streptozotocin induced rats , and db/db mice, respectively. HFD/HSDSTZ rats and dyslipidemic hamsters, when treated with EAXm for 10 consecutive days displayed decline in their serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and elevation in their HDL-cholesterol levels and improvement in the hepatic as well as renal functions of HFD/HSD-STZ rats as evidenced by decline in their serum AST, ALT, ALP, urea, uric acid, creatinine levels. Treatment with EAXm also restored the altered activities of few key regulatory enzymes like glucokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase, glucose-6- phosphatase, and fructose 1-6 bisphosphatase in liver, muscle and renal tissues and glycogen degrading enzyme i.e. glycogen phosphorylase in liver and muscle of STZ-induced diabetic rats and db/db mice, respectively. EAXm also increased glucose uptake by L-6 skeletal muscle cells and inhibits the intestinal brush border enzyme alphaglucosidase in vitro with IC50 around 28.4 µg /ml. The inhibition was found mixed type with respect to the substrate i.e. p-nitrophenyl-beta-Dglucopyranoside.