Thermal Energy Storage for CSP Processes

Thermal energy storage (TES) is commonly acknowledged as a key component for concentrating solar power plants in terms of process optimization, increased capacity factor, grid integration, and reduction in green house gas emissions. The aim of this article is to present and compare the available mature or alternative TES technologies in order to highlight major critical limitations and innovation opportunities. The mature two-tank molten-salt storage technology will not fulfill all constraints of the expected energy transition, and alternative storage materials and systems are highly needed. Innovative approaches such as sensible heat-based TES using concrete or recycled ceramics seem to offer the best potential in the future. Keywords: thermal energy storage; concentrating solar power