Juvenile Hormone biosynthesis and utilization of farnesoic acid during the final larval stadium of the ring‐legged earwig

. The regulation of Juvenile Hormone (JH) HI biosynthesis and release by the corpora allata (CA) was studied in final instar male and female larvae of the earwig, Euborellia annulipes, using a radiochemical assay in vitro. In males, maximal biosyntiiesis of JH IH occurred on day 1, then declined to virtually undetectable levels for the following 12 days of the stadium, and finally increased on days 14–16. In females, peaks of biosynthesis were detected on days 0–1 and on day 12. A further investigation of the 12-day-old larvae demonstrated mat in nonmoulting males and females, JH UJ biosynthesis was undetectable. However, for males and females undergoing ecdysis, the biosynthesis of JH III was detected and quantified. The addition of 60 μM farnesoic acid to the incubation medium significantly increased the production of JH III by CA taken from females from day 8 until the end of the stadium. Glands from 12-day old females that had initiated ecdysis were stimulated by farnesoic acid. By contrast, we could detect no stimulation of production of JH III by farnesoic acid in CA taken from males, even very late in the stadium. CA from newly emerged adult males and females were more active than those of larvae, and were greatly stimulated by farnesoic acid. CA from females immediately after emergence were stimulated significantly more by farnesoic acid man were glands from newly emerged males. These results suggest fundamental differences in the synmetic activity of CA for males and females in this insect.