Eco-friendly ultrasonic assisted liquid-liquid microextraction method based on hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent for the determination of sulfonamides in fruit juices

Abstract A sensitive, fast, eco-friendly ultrasound assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME) in combination with hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (DES) method was developed to preconcentrate and extract sulfonamides in fruit juices, prior to high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis. The DES was synthesized with trioctylmethylammonium chloride (TAC) and 2-octanol at the molar ratio of 1:2. Some parameters which affected the extraction efficiency were investigated and optimized, including the volume of DES, extraction method, extraction time, pH. Under the optimum conditions, good linearity (r =0.9999) in the range of 0.1-50 μg•mL−1 was obtained. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.02-0.05 μg•mL−1. And the accuracy of the developed method was confirmed by analysis of spike method, the recoveries were in the range of 88.09%-97.84% at the spike levels of 2-20 μg•mL−1 in fruit juices.