Anchors for the cosmic distance scale: the Cepheids U Sagittarii, CF Cassiopeiae, and CEab Cassiopeiae

New and existing X-ray, UB V JHKsW(1−4), and spectroscopic observations were analyzed to constrain fundamental parameters for M 25, NGC 7790, and dust along their sight-lines. The star clusters are of particular importance because they host the classical Cepheids U Sgr, CF Cas, and the visual binary Cepheids CEa and CEb Cas. Precise results from the multiband analysis, in tandem with a comprehensive determination of the Cepheids’ period evolution (dP/dt) from ∼140 years of observations, helped to resolve concerns raised regarding the clusters and their key Cepheid constituents. Specifically, the distances derived for members of M 25 and NGC 7790 are 630 ± 25 pc and 3.40 ± 0.15 kpc, respectively.