Predictive factors for failure of continuous positive airway pressure treatment in infants with bronchiolitis

OBJECTIVE: To study the predictive factors for the failure of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in infants with bronchiolitis. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 310 hospitalized children (aged 1-12 months) with bronchiolitis treated with CPAP. Their clinical features were compared between the successful treatment group (270 cases) and the failed treatment group (40 cases). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the predictive factors for failure of CPAP treatment. RESULTS: The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the score of the Pediatric Risk of Mortality III (PRISM III) >/=10 (OR=13.905), development of atelectasis (OR=12.080), comorbidity of cardiac insufficiency (OR=7.741), and no improvement in oxygenation index (arterial partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inhaled oxygen, P/F) after 2 hours of CPAP treatment (OR=34.084) were predictive factors for failure of CPAP treatment for bronchiolitis (P /=10, development of atelectasis, and comorbidity of cardiac insufficiency can be used as predictive factors for CPAP treatment failure in infants with bronchiolitis.