Tissue Taurine Depletion Induces Profibrotic Pattern of Gene Expression and Causes Aging-Related Cardiac Fibrosis in Heart in Mice

: Dietary taurine deficiency results in dilated cardiomyopathy in cats while in mice taurine deficiency produced by knocking out the taurine transporter (TauT) gene leads to a reduction in cardiac function with advancing age. The present study elucidated the involvement of cardiac fibrosis in the aging-dependent cardiac disorder of the TauT-knockout (TauTKO) mouse. Old (18-24-month-old) TauTKO mice, but not young (3-5-month-old) mice, exhibit cardiac fibrosis. Transcriptome microarray analysis revealed an increase in pro-fibrotic genes, such as S100A4, ACTA2 and CTGF, in both young and old TauTKO hearts. Based on transcriptome-pathway analysis the genes involved in "organization of extracellular matrix," such as LGALS3, are enriched in old TauTKO hearts compared to old wild-type hearts, suggesting the contribution of these genes to fibrosis. In conclusion, taurine depletion predisposes the heart to fibrosis, which leads to cardiac fibrosis upon aging.