Salinas: nueva variedad de frijol pinto para áreas de temporal de Guanajuato

Salinas is a variety of pinto beans, indeterminate-prostrate type III, short-day photoperiod, early maturity, rust-resistant, halo blight and anthracnose, slow darkening grain and high hydration capacity. It was developed by the Bajio Experimental Bean Program (CEBAJ). It was derived from the retro-cross of Pinto Saltillo// (Pinto Saltillo/97-RS-101) and its evaluation started as line F9 developed by pedigree selection. In later generations, it was evaluated based on yield and resistance to diseases in different places of the Semi-arid Highlands and Central Mexico. In three years of trial (2010-2012) in rainfed environments showed similar performance potential and was superior in disease resistance to Pinto Saltillo. Salinas carries molecular markers of genes associated with rust resistance (Ur3-Ur7, Ur9 and GB), anthracnose (Co1, Co12, Co2, Co4, Co42 and Co6) and halo blight (SR13, ST8, SAE15 and SW13) and in the field, shows resistance to the races of these prevalent diseases in Guanajuato. It is also resistant to common mosaic virus (BCMV) due to the presence of the gen I. Salinas gene produces medium-sized grain of mottled pinto type (33 ±3 g 100 seeds-1). The average yield in rainfed season depends on the environment and the agronomic management, in the localities of Guanajuato it goes from 622 kg ha-1 in San Luis of the Paz, to 3 209 kg ha-1in Salvatierra with optimal fertilization and sowing date.