Endothelial dysfunction in patients with controlled and uncontrolled arterial hypertension

Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of the level of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in two groups of patients with a diagnosis of essential arterial hypertension (AH). Group I - patients with uncontrolled hypertension (UCAH) and group II - patients with controlled course of hypertension (CAH). Materials and methods. The study included 109 patients: group I - 73 patients with UCAH, group II - 36 patients with CAH. Groups were comparable. Clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination was performed, including determination of ADMA concentration in blood plasma. Results. The concentration of ADMA in patients with UCAH was significantly higher than in the group with CAH. In patients with UCAH, a pronounced positive correlation was found between the concentration of ADMA and creatinine level (r=0.615, p<0.05), and a significant negative correlation was identified between the levels of ADMA and the filtration function of the kidneys, estimated using GFR (r=-0.444, p<0.05). As the level of ADMA in the blood increased, a statistically significant decrease in GFR was detected (p<0.05). Also in the group of patients with UCAH, a significant positive correlation of the average strength was found between the concentration of ADMA and progression of stenosis of brachiocephalic arteries (BCA; r=0.5, p<0.05). Conclusion. A significant increase in ADMA level was revealed in patients of both groups compared to the physiological norm (p<0.05), and it was significantly higher in patients with UCAH compared to those in group II, which indicates that UCAH enhances the severity of endothelial dysfunction. Establishing a reliable correlation between the level of ADMA in patients with UCAH with indicators of renal function damage, progression of BCA stenosis indicates the potential use of this substance as a marker of target organ damage and prognosis of the course of the disease.