Evidence-based strategies to reduce polypharmacy: A review

Introduction Polypharmacy, a preventable and significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in the geriatric population, is best defined as any number of medications that exceed medical necessity. A multi-pronged approach using evidence-based interventions is needed to effectively address polypharmacy and prevent downstream harm to patients. Resources and interventions should target patients, situations, and prescribing practices associated with higher risk of experiencing an adverse drug event. Liberalizing clinical targets in the elderly and drawing from palliative care concepts can pave the way for rational discontinuation of multiple medications. Many of these strategies are employed by interdisciplinary teams and models of care that have proven to be effective in minimizing polypharmacy. Conclusion This review summarizes current evidence-based strategies for addressing polypharmacy and reducing medication-related harm to vulnerable populations such as the elderly. Future investigations should validate risk assessment tools and evaluate interdisciplinary models of care in geriatric populations and settings.