Методы синтеза и свойства низкомолекулярных гепаринов (обзор литературы)

The review is devoted to the actual problem of obtaining low molecular weight heparins, known primarily as anticoagulants, as well as exhibiting a broad poly-therapeutic effect. The molecular structure and properties of endogenous unfractionated heparin, as well as low molecular weight heparins based on it and their substitutes are characterized. The main methods for the synthesis of low molecular weight heparins, which are reduced to the processes of oxidative, hydrolytic, radical and enzymatic depolymerization under the action of inorganic or organic reagents and catalysts, enzymes or radiation are discussed. The presented information can serve as a basis for the directed selection and improvement of methods for the synthesis of low molecular weight heparin for the intended purpose.