Debt – Growth nexus in ECOWAS: Analysis through a Non-Linear Approach [Relation Dette – Croissance Économique dans la CEDEAO: Analyse à travers une Approche Non-Linéaire]

In the context of the worrying new rise in central government debt in ECOWAS, this article determines through a non-linear approach, the debt threshold not to be exceeded so that central government debt has a positive effect on economic growth. By adopting Hansen's (1999) approach, the analysis carried out over the period 2007-2016 reveals the existence of a debt threshold estimated at 30.71% of GDP, threshold below which any additional debt has a positive effect on economic growth. Conversely, above 30.71% of GDP, central government debt has a negative effect on economic growth. The threshold estimated in this article corroborates those in the recent literature. Nevertheless, it should not be considered as a static, optimal threshold that could compromise the validity of the budgetary norm in force in the region, which limits the debt to 70% of GDP. The gap between the two thresholds is due to the fact that the estimated threshold is endogenous, i.e. it takes into account the debt behaviour over the period considered in this paper. The article then proposes economic policies for making fiscal policies more effective, for slowing the rise in debt levels, and finally discusses the potential consequences of the rapid increase in debt on the West African regional monetary integration process.