A mixture-based Black Space parameter for low-temperature performance of hot mix asphalt

Low-temperature cracking is a critical distress form and is heavily influenced by the relaxation and strength capabilities of the material. These properties are related to the stiffness through principles of viscoelasticity. Recently, there is elevated pressure on decisions made by pavement and materials engineers to produce the longest lasting, most resourceful pavement systems possible to optimise monetary and non-renewable resource usage. The primary objectives of this study are to: (1) assess the value of a parameter which can describe low-temperature cracking resistance by using dynamic modulus (|E*|) and phase angle (δ) of the mixture and laboratory-measured performance; (2) present shape parameters of a mixture master curve that are directly related to the relaxation spectra, which is expected to play a pivotal role in low-temperature distress resistance with ageing; (3) define failure lines in Black Space which correspond with laboratory-measured performance and operate under a well-understood bas...