Perioperative Management of Blood Pressure in Pheochromocytoma: Current Trends

Pheochromocytoma (& paraganglioma) are rare neuroendocrine tumors with variable clinical manifestations, familial and genetic components, complex management, significant comorbidity, and mortality. Blood pressure and cardiac complications are the most important one which needs particular attention before operating on such cases. Adequate perioperative management of blood pressure, blood volume, and other associated cardiovascular issues can reduce mortality and morbidities.  A multidisciplinary team approach involving endocrinologists interested in managing such cases and the endocrine surgical team experienced in operating such cases is vital. This review will focus mainly on managing blood pressure in the perioperative period, various pharmacological options, and clinically relevant pros & cons of each therapy based on the available evidence from the literature.