Focused Impedance Method: Basics and Applications

“Focused impedance method (FIM)”, conceptualised by the author, uses 8, 6 or 4 electrodes to localise a small zone in a volume conductor through its 3D sensitivity and so is applicable to biomedical applications where a large organ within a close proximity of the body surface is of interest. The applications where it has shown signs of success include lungs ventilation, gastric emptying, abdominal fat thickness determination and non-invasive breast tumour characterisation. This chapter gives the basic sensitivity studies and the application efforts and results. FIM specially suits low-resource countries because of simplicity and potential low cost.