A modified power flow algorithm in power systems with renewable energy sources

In this paper an algorithm for calculating the steady state of electrical networks including wind and photovoltaic generation is presented. The wind generators considered are; squirrel cage induction generator and doubly fed induction generator. The proposed algorithm is based on the formulation of nodal power injections that is solved with the Newton Raphson technique using complex matrices notation without modifying in size the original Jacobian matrix of the network. Each power injection of wind and photovoltaic generators is calculated independently at each iteration according to its particular mathematical model, which is generally non-linear. Results are presented with a 30-bus test system. The computation time of the proposed algorithm is compared with the conventional methodology to include alternative energy sources in power flow studies.