Effect of glyphosate on growth of four freshwater species of phytoplankton: a microplate bioassay.

The acute toxicity of glyphosate herbicide was tested on the four species of freshwater phytoplankton, Scenedesmus acutus, Scenedesmus subspicatus, Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella saccharophila. Herbicide concentrations eliciting a 50% growth reduction over 72 h (EC50) ranged from 24.5 to 41.7 mg L−1, whilst a 10% growth inhibition is achieved by herbicide concentrations ranging from 1.6 to 3.0 mg L−1, difficult to find neither in paddy fields (it is not used in rice) nor in the lake of the Albufera Natural Park. Chorella species are less sensitive to the herbicide than Scenedesmus species. It can be concluded that glyphosate has a low potential risk for the tested organisms.