Integration of Energy Storage and Renewable Energy Sources into AC Railway System to Reduce Carbon Emission and Energy Cost

High-speed train consumes a tremendous amount of energy. The grid power is commonly used as a primary source to energize electrified trains. Most power stations supplied energy to the grid are fossil fuel-based power plants which have a large carbon footprint. Moreover, railway operator spends a fortune to pay the energy bills for buying the energy from the grid and also for carbon emission tax. To alleviate the issues, the use of renewable energy sources and energy storage system integrated to railway power system are presented. The results show a significant cost saving since the requirement of grid power is declined and hence lower carbon tax is charged.