Evaluation of blood urea, creatinine, and glucose levels as biochemical indicators of the type and severity of traumatic brain injury

Aim We aimed to determine whether certain biochemical parameters could be used as indicators of trauma type and/or as predictors of the likelihood of patient survival. We investigated the effects of trauma type and survival on biochemical parameters including blood urea, creatinine, and glucose levels. Material and methods The medical records of 102 patients with TBIs who were admitted to the emergency department and/or hospitalized in the neurosurgery department between 2016 and 2019 were examined retrospectively. Results 19 cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage, 25 cases of subdural hemorrhage, 9 cases of epidural hemorrhage, 28 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage, 4 cases of multiple hemorrhage, and 12 cases with other hemorrhages. We examined the effects of trauma type and survival on a total of 17 blood test parameters (blood urea, creatinine, and glucose) showed significance for the overall model, meaning that either trauma type or survival or an interaction between the two had significant effects on these three blood parameters. Conclusion The risk of fatality might be deduced from the blood urea and glucose levels as they are significantly different between fatal cases and surviving cases.