Improvement of the Mechanical and Biomedical Properties of Implants via the Production of Nanocomposite Based on Nanostructured Titanium Matrix and Bioactive Nanocoating

The work describes the complex approach for production of the biomaterial that is able for the accelerated osteosynthesis (i.e., rate of the implants engraftment into the bone tissue). The combined approach is based on bulk nanostructuring of titanium matrix and surface nanostructuring based on bioactive porous coating. This approach leads to enhancement of both mechanical and biomedical properties of implants. We created bioactive coating on nano-Ti substrates using modeling the oxide layer structure on nano and micro level. The developed bioactive surfaces with two-level surfaces allow to control surface relief both on micro and nano level with high precision (1 nm). These surfaces do not lead to the degradation of the mechanical properties of nanotitanium. Biomedical studies showed that the composite coating demonstrates high surface adhesion properties for the osteoblasts MC3T3-E1 cell line. Along with adhesion, also initial differentiation of osteoblasts is observed. This indicates the ability of the surface to the accelerated osteosynthesis. The developed nano-Ti-based composite nanomaterial with bioactive nanocoating can be used for the production of the new generation implants for dentistry, reconstructive surgery and orthopedics.