Understanding artificial intelligence based radiology studies: What is overfitting?

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) is a broad umbrella term used to encompass a wide variety of subfields dedicated to creating algorithms to perform tasks that mimic human intelligence. As AI development grows closer to clinical integration, radiologists will need to become familiar with the principles of artificial intelligence to properly evaluate and use this powerful tool. This series aims to explain certain basic concepts of artificial intelligence, and their applications in medical imaging starting with a concept of overfitting.