Utilization of Eichhornia crasspies in Purification of Sewage Water
2017
Water hyacinth systems are very efficient in pollutant removal from waste water. Efficiency of nitrogen removal ranges from 10 to 90% . Results from Iron Bridge water hyacinth system in Florida, USA demonstrated that phosphorus removal was from 35 to 80%. The same facility successfully removed about 60% of BODs and 43% of suspended materials from waste water. These systems can also remove heavy metals like chlorine, cadmium, copper and other effectively. In an experiment 72% of cadmium was removed from waste water by water hyacinth. Aquatic plants remove pollutants by Directly assimilating them into their tissue and by providing a suitable environment for microorganisms to transform pollutants and reduce their concentrations. Such biochemical/ physio-chemical processes functioning in these systems include nitrification/ denitrification and ammonia volatization. Accumulated nutrients and heavy metals are removed from aquatic systems by plant harvesting and sediment dredging. Thus water hyacinth effectively removes nutrient waste water.
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