"First Detection of PER-Type Extended-Spectrum β-lactamases at Saint Camille Hospital Center of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso "

Resistance to a wide variety of common antimicrobials is observed among clinical strains designated as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers. They produce enzymatic proteins that effectively inactivate cephalosporins and aztreonam and are a serious global health problem that complicates treatment strategies. Many studies report a high prevalence of ESBL producers among Gram-negative bacilli. The purpose of this work was to identify of PER resistance gene in enterobacterial strains. Gram-negative bacilli resistant to at least one third-generation cephalosporin, Aztreonam or showing a synergistic image between amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and a third generation cephalosporin were isolated during an antibiogram. Antibiotic resistance was detected for the following antibiotics: Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime and Aztreonam. A classical polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the β-lactamase PER ( Pseudomonas Extended Resistance) gene was performed using specific primers in 60 ESBL-producing isolates. Among 250 strains of Gram negative bacilli collected, 60 strains (24%) showed resistance to antibiotics used. Stool samples are a major source of ESBL producers. The highest prevalence of resistant strains was observed in Escherichia coli with a rate of 35%. Among the producers of ESBL isolates, the presence of the PER gene was detected in the present study by up to 15% in 6 bacterial species. This study represents the first detection of the PER gene in Burkina Faso.