Restoring meaning: Self-uncertainty increases subjective distance between the past and present self

Based on the meaning maintenance model and temporal self-appraisal theory, we conducted 2 experiments with Chinese college students to test how self-uncertainty salience affected the subjective distance between the past and present self. We manipulated uncertainty salience and asked participants to explicitly (Study 1) or implicitly (Study 2) indicate their subjective distance. Participants in both studies increased the subjective distance when uncertainty was made salient. In addition, this effect was moderated by dispositional self-esteem in Study 2, with participants with low self-esteem reporting greater subjective distance than did high self-esteem participants after uncertainty-salience priming. These findings suggest that the process of appraising the past self may help individuals deal with feelings of uncertainty about the present self.