Fatiga cardíaca en corredores de ultra trail, observada por parámetros de nuevas técnicas ecocardiográficas

Introduction: Intense and prolonged physical exercise can produce physiological adaptations and acute changes in the cardiovascular system that have been the subject of study multiple times. In this context some authors speak that these acute and transient alterations would be attributable to cardiac fatigue. Objective: The objective of this work is to examine the echocardiographic changes observed in ultra trail athletes (mountain races over 42 kilometers) pre and post effort, according to population characteristics (sex, age, weekly training load), using techniques of myocardial deformation by speckle traking. Material and methods: Twenty-eight participants were evaluated pre and post exercise (within one hour after exertion) using Doppler echocardiography and new echocardiographic techniques (post processing). Conventional descriptive statistics and comparative analysis were performed for paired data using a T test. Results: The median age of the patients was 38 ± 9 years with male predominance (N17 / 65%). In the baseline echocardiogram, we found preserved bi-ventricular systolic function, mean global longitudinal strain (GLS) of –19% ± 2, mean right ventricular free wall strain (FWSVd) –25% ± 3. In the Poststress evaluation significant alterations were observed when compared with the baseline echocardiogram data, such as drop in ejection fraction, decrease in GLS, FWSVd and increase in volume of you. Ventricular torsion was not affected. Conclusion: Post intense exercise is observed a decrease in myocardial deformation parameters measured by Speckle tracking, this is interpreted as cardiac fatigue induced by the exercise.