Resolution of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: medium term results

Purpose: To determine the impact of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) on the resolution of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and Prediabetes (PDM) in obese patients, as well as potential improvements in other comorbidities. Material and Methods: Observational retrospective study. We studied all patients with T2DM (n= 36) or PDM (n= 44) who underwent LSG in our hospital between years 2009 and 2012. PDM was defined as having at least 2 values of HbA1c between 5.7 and 6.4%. Follow-up period was 1-4 years (mean 17.5 months). T2DM remission criteria were fasting plasma glucose (FPG)<100 mg/ dl and HbA1c<6% without using hypoglycemic agents. PDM remission criteria were HbA1c< 5.7% plus FPG< 100 mg/dL. Results: Quantitative variables are defined as mean ± standard deviation. T2DM group: Description at baseline: 66% women, age 49.5±9.9 years, weight 132.2±18.8 Kg, Body Mass Index (BMI) 50.4±5.2 Kg/m 2 , HbA1c 7.8±1.9%. After LSG, weight was 94.2±20.5 Kg, BMI 35.8±6.4 and HbA1c 6.1±1.2 % (p<0.0001). T2DM improved in 97.6% patients, with a remission rate of 58.3% (n=21). Improvement or resolution of comorbidities was as follows: dyslipidemia 64%, Hypertension 39.3%, Obstructive Sleep Apnea 26.3%. PDM group: Baseline: 59% women, age 42.7 ± 8.2 years, weight: 144.2±26.2 Kg, BMI 50.6±5.5 Kg/m 2 . Post-LSG: weight 92.7±16.5 Kg, BMI 32.8±4.8 Kg/m 2 (p<0.0001). HbA1c decreased from 6.04±0.3 % to 5.31±0.27 % (p<0.0001) after LSG. 95.5% of patients that initially met PDM criteria achieved FPG<100 mg/dl and HbA1c<5.7% (resolution of PDM). Conclusion: LSG effectively achieves improvement or remission of T2DM or PDM in obese patients meeting surgical treatment criteria.