Intrinsic DX Centers in Ternary Chalcopyrite Semiconductors (Presentation)

The conclusions of this report are: (1) intrinsic donor-type defects In{sub Cu}, Ga{sub Cu}, and V{sub Se}, and their complexes with V{sub Cu} cause metastability, but also act to limit V{sub OC}; (2) growth conditions which minimize these defects (Cu-rich/Se-rich) are very different from those currently used; and (3) overcoming V{sub OC} limitation requires to address other issues and trade-offs.