A flatline Lead I in a neonate with suspected congenital heart disease

Abstract In a neonate with bradycardia and hypoxia, and clinical concern for critical congenital heart disease (CCHD), highly unusual ECG findings were present. These included a flatline Lead 1, and identical Leads 2, 3, and AVF. These abnormalities were due to bilateral arm to leg lead exchanges and not to heart disease. Complete cardiac workup including echocardiogram was normal.