Analysis of clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients of acute myocardial infarction combined with cardiac valve calcification

Objective Clinical characteristics and outcomes are supposed to be analysized in patients with acute ST segment-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) combined with cardiac valve calcification. Methods A total of 180 patients with STEMI were enrolled into this study.According to the results of Trans Thoracic Echocardiography (TTE), aortic valve calcification or mitral valve calcification was screened.Patients were divided into two groups: cardiac valve calcification group (VC group, with 89 patients) and non-cardiac valve calcification group (NVC group, with 91 patients). Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between those two groups. Results The average age in NVC group and VC group was 56.07±11.67 and 67.06±10.93 respectively (t=6.035, P=0.001). Killip stage was 1.28±0.61 in NVC group and 1.53±0.72 in VC group (t=2.593, P=0.018). The number of lesional vessels was 1.67±0.85 in NVC group and 2.16±0.81 in VC group (t=3.694, P=0.001). Heart rate on admission was 72.92±14.94 in NVC group and 79.42±18.10 in VC group (t=2.646, P=0.016). Smokers were 61 cases (67.1%) in NVC group and 38 cases (42.7%) in VC group ( χ2=17.709, P=0.000). In-patient death in NVC group was 0% and 12.4% in VC group ( χ2=11.979, P=0.001). MACE of out-patient in VC groups was 10.25% and 2.19% in NVC group ( χ2=4.899, P=0.027). In COX proportional hazards regression model, AMI Killip stage (OR: 1.753, 95%CI: 1.135-2.705, P=0.011) and cardiac valve calcification (OR: 2.643, 95%CI: 1.043-6.701, P=0.041) were independent predictors for MACE in out-patient. Conclusions Cardiac valve calcification is the independent risk factor for acute myocardial infarction in short-term and long-term. Key words: Myocardial infarction; Cardiac valve calcification; Clinical characteristics; Prognosis