Cognitive assessment and the placebo effect

Titanium and Germanium used by athletes are said to alleviate pain and relax muscles. In a precedent study,Titanium seals are said to improve athlete' s fundamental motor ability. In a previous study,titanium seals were placed on university rhythmic gymnasts to ascertain psy- chological and physical effects. Improvements in parameters such as fundamental motor ability were seen in athletes who highly valued the use of titanium seals but no changes were seen in athletes who gave the seals a low evaluation. The former group had experienced alleviation of pain and freer and easier movement through the use of titanium seals and the information functioned as a suggestive effect. In pharmacological studies,the placebo effect must be taken into account when assessing drug ef- ficacy to gain objectivity and scientific reliability. Psychosomatic interactions affect cognitive assess- ment in the cerebral cortex influence various biological functions,resulting in different biological re- actions. In the field of sport science,cognitive assessment of the placebo effect is believed to be related to psychological factors based on personalities and traits. In the present study,titanium,germanium and dummy were applied in the same shape and man- ner to assess the placebo effect on university students and investigate individual differences in cogni- tive assessment.