A review of recent progress and control measures of severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) in China at the end of 2019 has caused a large global outbreak. Therefore, the present study was aimed to reviews the current status of COVID-19 and the progress management measures worldwide. The symptoms are usually fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, malaise among others. The disease is mild in most people; in some it may progress to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi organ dysfunction. Several drugs such as chloroquine, arbidol, remdesivir, and favipiravir are currently undergoing clinical studies to test their efficacy and safety in the treatment of COVID-19, some promising results have been achieved thus far. The virus spreads faster than its two ancestors the SARS-CoV-2 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), but has lower fatality. The case fatality rate is estimated to range from 2 to 3%. SARS-CoV-2 showed a superior plasma membrane fusion capacity by its spike(S) protein. The global pandemic has made an impact on the overpopulated developing country Bangladesh. The Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh is trying hard to control this pandemic. Extensive measures to reduce person-to-person transmission of COVID-19 are required to control the current outbreak. The global impact of this new epidemic is yet uncertain. This article reviews the pandemic, present symptoms, role of immunity, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and controlling methods of severe COVID-19 and puts forward some ideas, aiming to provide some recommendations for the diagnosis and recovery from severe COVID-19.