Electric drive system for motor vehicle and motor vehicle using same

Provided are an electric drive system for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle using the electric drive system. The electric drive system for a motor vehicle comprises: an inverter unit (100) configured to convert externally-supplied DC power to AC power; an electric motor unit (300) configured to convert the power from the inverter unit (100) into mechanical rotation and output the mechanical rotation from an output shaft (303); and a gearbox unit (200) configured to decelerate the rotation transmitted from an input shaft (202) and output the decelerated rotation. The electric motor unit (300), the gearbox unit (200) and the inverter unit (100) have respective independent enclosures. The electric motor unit (300), the gearbox unit (200) and the inverter unit (100) are detachably and mutually connected in an axial direction along the input shaft (202) of the gearbox unit (200) with the gearbox unit (200) positioned in between. The enclosure of the inverter unit (100) has the minimum thickness in the axial direction.