Investigation of Genetic Relationship with Yield and Essential Oil Content of Anise Populations

The research was conducted with aim to examining of genetic relationship with fruit yield, essential oil content and chemical composition of anise populations collected from Afyonkarahisar, Burdur, Eskisehir, Antalya, Denizli, Izmir, Kutahya and Mugla provinces where intensive anise cultivation of Turkey. The experiment was set up as three replicates of according to a randomized complete block design in during 2015and 2016 years in Isparta, Turkey. In the research, differences between fruit yield, essential oil content and chemical composition of anise populations were statistically significant in both years. Fruit yield, essential oil content and essential oil yield of anise populations varied between 25.46-39.13 kg da-1, 1.21-3.88% and 0.46-1.15 Lda-1, respectively, in the first year, and varied between23.43-39.64 kg da-1, 1.30-3.47% and 0.45-1.22 Lda-1, respectively, in the second year. Tans-anethole was determined as the main components in the essential oil of anise and its ratio varied between 85.62% (Afyonkarahisar) and 94.99% (Burdur). Genetic distances among anise populations varied between 0.25-0.81. While the lowest genetic similarity were Mugla and Denizli populations, the highest genetic similarity were Izmir and Afyonkarahisar populations.