Detection of 1,N2-propanodeoxyguanosine adducts of trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal after gavage of trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal or induction of lipid peroxidation with carbon tetrachloride in F344 rats

Abstract The 1, N 2 -propanodeoxyguanosine adducts of trans -4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE-dGp-adducts) were quantitated in tissues of rats treated with trans -4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) or carbon tetrachloride, respectively, using a 32 P-postlabeling method. The method development was based on chemically synthesized HNE-1, N 2 -propanodeoxyguanosine adduct standard, which was characterized by NMR and mass spectra. The adducts were enriched by Nuclease P1. They were subsequently reacted with γ- 32 P-ATP to give the respective 3′-5′-bisphosphates, which were two-directionally separated on PEI-cellulose-TLC and quantitated by autoradiography. The labeling efficiency for the adduct standard was 27%, and the recovery of spiked amounts of adduct standard in the enzymatical procedure was about 80%. Internal standard was used to eliminate methodological variations. The determination of the limit of quantitation in DNA from rat tissues by spiking of HNE-dGp-adduct standard revealed a sensitivity of about 20 HNE-dGp-adducts/10 9 normal nucleotides. Background levels of HNE-dGp-adducts in tissues of rats including liver, kidney, lung, colon and forestomach were found in the range of 18–158 adducts/10 9 nucleotides with relatively high adduct levels in the liver and low adduct levels in kidney, lung and colon. These background levels were statistically significantly increased by the factor of 2 in liver, lung, colon and forestomach after induction of lipid peroxidation by carbon tetrachloride. The finding that background HNE-dGp-adduct levels may be in context with different metabolic activities of the tissues and the increase of HNE-dGp-adduct levels after application of carbon tetrachloride indicate that HNE-dGp-adducts are an endogenous lesion and that they are probably formed from radical initiated lipid peroxidation.