Significance of preoperative systemic immune-inflammation (SII) in predicting postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

There is evidence that inflammation response biomarkers are positivity associated with bacteremia and urosepsis. The objective of this study was to investigate the value of preoperative systemic immune-inflammation (SII) in predicting systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Records from 365 consecutive patients who previously received standard PCNL for kidney stones were retrospectively reviewed. Exactly 108 (29.6%) of the 365 patients who underwent PCNL developed SIRS postoperatively. The association of SIRS with the preoperative risk factors of infectious complications was evaluated. Female gender, operating time, SII, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) were found to be independent predictors for post-PCNL SIRS. Female patients with SIRS were more likely to have positive urine culture, a higher level of serum leukocyte, and serum hs-CRP than male patients with SIRS. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated SII for predicting the occurrence of SIRS with a higher AUC (0.782) than other systemic inflammation biomarkers such as LMR (0.734), NLR (0.671), and PLR (0.617). As a novel integrated inflammation biomarker for predicting SIRS after PCNL, SII showed a better predictive value than other traditional inflammation indicators. To our knowledge, we present the first study to investigate the predictive value of the preoperative SII on post-PCNL SIRS.