Hubungan antara Faktor Risiko Demografi dan Klinis terhadap Kejadian Persalinan Preterm Dini dan Lanjut

Tujuan: Persalinan preterm dini dan lanjut masih menjadi penyebab penting morbiditas dan mortalitas perinatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien, menganalisis hubungan faktor risiko demografi dan klinik dengan persalinan spontan preterm dini dan preterm lanjut periode Januari 2015-Desember 2016. Metode: Penelitian secara potong lintang retrospektif dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Juni 2017 dengan sumber data rekam medis Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin. Hasil: penelitian menunjukan insidensi persalinan preterm adalah 38,54%. Diskusi: Terdapat hubungan signifikan dari faktor risiko pendidikan, jumlah perawatan antenatal, riwayat persalinan preterm, dan ketuban pecah dini terhadap kejadian persalinan spontan preterm dini dan preterm lanjut. Pendidikan SD meningkatkan kejadian persalinan preterm dini 2,3 kali, perawatan antenatal kurang dari 4 kali selama kehamilan meningkatkan kejadian persalinan preterm dini 1,6 kali, riwayat persalinan preterm sebelumnya meningkatkan kejadian persalinan preterm dini 1,9 kali. Ketuban pecah dini meningkatkan kejadian persalinan preterm lanjut 2,6 kali (p<0,05). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan, jumlah perawatan antenatal, riwayat persalinan preterm, dan ketuban pecah dini, dengan  persalinan spontan preterm dini dan preterm lanjut. Kata kunci: Faktor demografi, faktor klinik, persalinan spontan preterm dini, persalinan spontan preterm lanjut Relation between Demographic and Clinical Risk Factors to the Occurrence of Spontaneous Early and Late Preterm Birth Abstract    Objective: Early and late preterm birth remains an important cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Various studies indicate the incidence of is influenced by demographic and clinical factors affecting baby’s outcome. This study aims to analyze demographic and clinical factor’s relations of spontaneous early and late preterm birth in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, from January 2015 until December 2016. Method: Retrospective-cross sectional was conducted in April until June 2017 from Hasan Sadikin General Hospital’s medical record, collected from January 2015 to December 2016. Results: Incidence of preterm birth from January 2015 until December 2016 was 38,54%. There was significant relations of education, times of antenatal care, previous preterm birth, and premature rupture of membrane with spontaneous early and late preterm birth. Education level of elementary school increased the incidence of spontaneous early preterm birth 2.3 times, previous preterm birth increased the incidence of spontaneous early preterm birth 1.6 times, antenatal care less than 4 times increased the incidence of spontaneous early preterm birth 1.9 times. Premature rupture of membrane increased the incidence of spontaneous late preterm birth 2.6 times (p<0.05. Conclusion: there is a relations between education, times of antenatal care, previous preterm birth, and premature rupture of membrane,  with spontaneous early and late preterm birth. Keywords: Demographic factors, clinical factors, preterm spontaneous early delivery, spontaneous late preterm delivery