Depolarization of Spin-Polarized hydrogen via Collisions with Chlorine Atoms at Ultrahigh Density

Abstract Recently, the production of ultrahigh-density ( ∼ 10 19 c m − 3 ) spin-polarized deuterium (SPD) atoms was demonstrated, from the photodissociation of deuterium iodide, but the upper density limit was not determined. Here, we present studies of spin-polarized hydrogen (SPH) densities up to 10 20 cm − 3 , by photodissociating 5 bar of hydrogen chloride with a focused 213 nm, 150 ps laser pulse. We extract the depolarization cross-section of hydrogen and chlorine atom collisions, which is the main depolarization mechanism at this high-density regime, to be σ H − C l = 7 ( 2 ) × 10 − 17 cm 2 . We discuss the conditions under which the ultrahigh SPH and SPD densities can be reached, and the potential applications to ultrafast magnetometry, laser-ion acceleration, and tests of polarized nuclear fusion.