Complications and troubleshooting of sacral neuromodulation therapy

This article presents reported rates of complications from earlier series and shares the complications that have been encountered in the authors' series using the latest technology of sacral neuromodulation: tined lead. The authors have observed that the introduction of the tined lead concept has changed the frequency and profile of complications that were once only technology-related while keeping the patient-related complications of the same frequency. This article reviews the reported adverse events and associated technology, and describes the authors' experience with the latest technology, concentrating on complications and troubleshooting.