p53 Pro72Arg polymorphism and prostate cancer in men of African descent

BACKGROUND p53 is a transcription factor that regulates the cell cycle, DNA repair, and apoptosis. A variant at codon 72, rs1042522, results in altered activities for p53 and is, notably, differentially distributed among different ethnic populations. However, associations of this variant with cancer in men of African descent have not been explored. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that rs1042522 was associated with prostate cancer (PCa) risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP methods in a study population of African descent consisting of 266 PCa patients and 196 male controls. RESULTS Our results indicate that the p53 polymorphism may be associated with increased risk of PCa. Genotypes were significantly and marginally associated with PCa risk using the dominant and log-additive genetic models (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.02–2.29, P = 0.04; OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.99–1.78, P = 0.06, respectively). After adjusting for age, the associations with PCa remained, but results were not statistically significant (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 0.95–2.31, P = 0.08; OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 0.95–1.80, P = 0.10, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates that population-dependent differences in allele frequencies associated with health disparities provide a valuable framework for the interrogation of complex diseases in all populations. Prostate 70: 1739–1745, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.